Can the Internet of Things really make our lives better?

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According to foreign media reports, the IoT technology technology seems to have unexposed. It can help us order goods, analyze data or even create smart cities. Industry insiders promised Internet of Things technology to benefit everyone, but the truth is true?

In San Francisco, San Francisco, a young engineer hopes to "optimize" his life with sensors that track the heart rate, breathing and sleep cycle. In Denmark Copenhagen, a driving bus is transferred to the municipal transportation information network every two minutes to effectively plan the signal time of the three intersections in front, so that the driver is unimpeded. In Philippins Davao, a warehouse that rotatable online cameras overlooks fast food restaurants, monitors all people entering and exiting.

This is our so-called "Internet of Things" - links all the devices to the network. Technical Expert Mike Kuniavsky is the pioneer of this idea, which describes it as "distributed embedded computing device and data communication in the entire environment". Yue Yue Xiaobian more likes its intention: through information processing renovation (integrated control) daily life.

Although the word "remedial" is a bit aggressive, with the emergence of the Internet of Things, the various ambitions of human beings are indeed satisfied. The Internet of Things is not a single technology. A variety of equipment, services, suppliers, and all content involved in all contents have to achieve the same ultimate goal: collect data, and then can be used to measure and control the world around us.

If a project has such a high design plan for our daily life, it is critical to find out what is the main idea. What is the interests it pursue? Although there is no rule of the Internet of Things, the quality also does not measure, but we can get more specific significance through three scale observations: our body ("self-quantization"), our home ("House of Wisdom") and Our public space ("smart city"). Every scale shows the impact of the Internet of Things, and every level has different things to guide us.

In the personal level, the Internet of Things exists in the form of a wearable biometric sensor. The simplest network is the networked digital pedometer, which measures a person's walking distance by calculating the number of steps and provides energy estimation consumed during the activity. More refined equipment can measure heart rate, breathing, skin temperature, even sweating.

Theoretically, if weaf-type biometric devices such as FITBIT and Apple Watche are to cater to the user's self-constraint, the purpose of retribution through similar networking products and services to the home environment is Provide a very different experience: convenient. The goal of this "smart family" effort is to shorten the process of desire to meet the desire to satisfy through the equipment.

A perfect example is the gadget for Amazon sells, is a one-button purchase tool called Dash Button. Many Internet of Things devices are just a traditional device with network connectivity. Dash Button is completely opposite, and it is impossible to exist in the Internet. Amazon's own description of this device and its way of operation, so, the smaller, you will repeat it here: "Amazon Dash Button is a device with Wi-Fi, you can re-order you by pressing the button. Like products. To use Dash Button, just download the Amazon app from the Apple App Store or Google Play store. Then, log in to your Amazon Prime account, connect Dash Button to Wi-Fi, then select To re-order Product. Once the connection is successful, you can automatically place an order when you press the Dash Button button.

In other words, this is a single-use electronic device, each device can only be used for a single single Specific product. When you need a button again. This device can be used for the pet food, laundry powder or bottle of water you need, thereby completing the automatic order.

Yue Xiaobian is not It will delve the value of similar products for users. For users who need to take care of the year, users who need to take care of infants and young children, even for more than an hour of users who buy boxes of cats, this product has a certain value. But compared to the benefits obtained by Amazon, every user obtained by the product is of course, because of this gadget, you will never break the cat food. But at the same time, Amazon can get users. There is a value data such as time, place, and frequency and intensity. This is a comprehensive asset, Amazon will use it in a variety of ways, including the use of these data to develop the behavior model of our desire to achieve higher Efficiency.

More than one, such as Dash Button enables users to complete the transaction at as little as possible, and no longer need to place an order by clicking on the phone or tablet touch screen. This is the industry The precise data called "transformation", because it is unremitting: check box of each check box, each input column is filled in, all of which fell to the last user transaction percentage. And the fewer steps in the transaction, people The more possible consumption. Product manufacturer is constantly trying to eliminate these steps, and one of its Internet products is hoped to become an indispensable part of your daily life like a smartphone. Recent industry The development of "smart home" is just one aspect.

At present, this strategy is mainly in the so-called "smart speaker", and the first generation has already entered the market, including Amazon Echo and Google Home, each such product can become the core of the entire smart home. Amazon Echo is a simple cylindrical speaker, while Google Home is an inverted oval. But in fact, about the appearance of intelligent speakers How to not do it, because its main function is the physicalized "virtual assistant", providing users with a convenient and integrated Way to access numerous digital controls spread in the family - from lighting and entertainment to safe, heating, refrigeration and ventilation system equipment, etc.

Google, Microsoft, Amazon and Apple have virtual assistants who are based on natural language-based voice recognition technology. Most virtual assistants are names, sounds, and personality of female characteristics. Because relevant studies have shown that all gender users like to interact with women.

At first glance, such a device seems to be harmless. They just stay in our consciousness quietly, people will only interact with them when they need it. However, when we carefully consider, there will be many problems.

can think about the work mode of the Google Virtual Assistant: You mentioned it to it for Italian food, in accordance with an article in the New York Times, "Google Virtual Assistant will recommend some Italian restaurants for users. Ordering APP, such as OpenTable, etc. ".

This example shows that although these virtual assistants are provided to our recommended surfaces are neutral, they are recommended based on many built-in hypothetical assumptions. Many people will suspect whether we need to carefully. Review these assumptions.

Ask the restaurant owner and front desk staff asking them to OpenTable views, you will soon understand that users' convenience is fully based on increased workload, while OpenTable will have all relevant data. . You can also learn how to understand that OpenTable will deliberately reduce the amount of time to the restaurant's restaurant.

Therefore, wise diners do not use OpenTable to make a reservation, but by calling to the restaurant. In contrast, Google Home uses the service by default.

This is not an accident. It reflects Google Home's design priority, preset environment, and product philosophy. For the entire smart home industry, it is mainly homogenized by young designers and engineers. More important than their homogeneration is that they are different from others.

Most of the Internet of Things is often designed by those who adapt to Uber, Airbnb, and Apple Pay. For this part, the above services have entered their lives, and they think that these services are the existence of Siki. However, the statistical data of the Subucheng Research Center in Washington DC shows that there is a considerable number of people who have never heard of such services, but with time, they will change the Siki.

This way to interact with the networking information also brings other issues and challenges. For example, it is difficult to determine the recommendation of the virtual assistant is the result of an objective search or a payment of the merchant. However, the main problem with the virtual assistant is that it provides a meaningful way for the world to make users unwilling to long-term frustration desires, which is less important for the process that leads to satisfaction.

The virtual assistant can listen to the voice of the environment and stand in real time. As a voice interface interacting with the user, they listen to the speech in the home in order to detect the "keyword" of the environment when the environment is generated. In this way, these devices can collect more data and can be used for advertising services or other commercial purposes.

Since the virtual assistant does not understand the environment we are, it is just simply dependent on keyword judgment, but has caused various functions. The US public broadcast network broadcasts a report on Amazon Echo, and various clues in the broadcast are understood by the ECHO as a user command, and the results have caused various confusion.

The user has gained some conveniences from the virtual assistant, and its service providers get everything - all value data about your life. Let us think about it, bring us a convenient basis in the Internet of Things, let us lose something. Is it true that the restrictions brought to us in the NANT world do not respond? Waiting for the oven preheat really difficult after home? In order to remotely control, is there a lot of giving us?

Now that most people know that our mobile phone is constantly collecting information about our location and activity. However, we tend to ignore every neighborhood in real time, often known as "smart city". If we do wearable devices is the user's self-mastery and understanding, the purpose of smart home is convenient, then the ultimate purpose of smart cities is to control, more efficiently utilizing spatial, energy, and other resources by real-time control.

A variety of network information collection devices are being deployed to public applications, including closed-circuit cameras, advertising screens and vending machines with biometric sensors. In addition, there is an indoor micro positioning system called "beacon". When it is combined with a smartphone application, information about the nearby products and services will be sent to the user.

In urban space, every moment is generated in countless information, our past has no information, and the seemingly calm space has a variety of user data. No one knows how to use this information. In the city level, the instrument of the Internet of Things is the weight.

Siemens Engineering Company provides the most distinctive and accurate elaboration in the definition of smart cities: "From now on do decades, the city will have countless autonomy, intelligent information systems, with information about user habits And energy consumption, and can provide the best service ... such a city's goal is to optimize the regulation of urban resources through the autonomous information system. "

has such a philosophical stand, It is considered that the world is fully known, which contains all kinds of things can be readable, and the relationship between each other can be fully encoded through the technical system, without any deviation. When this concept is used in urban affairs, this is actually a uniquely correct solution for each thing. This solution can be implemented by the correct input technology system, and will not be based on public policies. Generate any distortion.

In fact, every aspect of this concept is worthy of doubts. The most obvious is that anything is totally known. Even if the sensor is deployed in any corner of a city, they can only capture the information that can be observed. In other words, they will not be able to grasp all information needed to develop sound policies.

In addition, the inherent prejudice of human beings will inevitably let the collected information data color. For example, people will not be able to generate data that is conducive to their cognitive. Under the pressure, police officers responsible for "formulating quota plan" may focus on the violations of her usually ignore, in turn, her commander may put people under the pressure of more secure indicators. The attack of the attack is simple to sin. In particular, in the case of money or other excitation depends on whether the performance threshold is reached, this phenomenon is particularly obvious.

has an interpretation problem. The advocate of smart cities seems to think that each behavior of human beings has a single significance, which can be remotely identified by the automation system and respond, without any error. The most extreme advocate of this method seems to be considered that any data collected from the real world can be unified.

But data is never completely "fair", and facts are prone to deviation due to different ways of collection of data. The sensor has a high degree of mounting a few meters to produce different air pollution values. Slightly changed the classification of criminal behavior, you can change the understanding of the risks of the entire community. Anyone who is engaged in voting knows that the results are more sensitive to the survey.

All known information processing systems, existing human cognitive levels, and current organizations are contrary to this so-called "perfect". In fact, no matter how strong a computing system function, any experienced engineers will never use it to be perfect.

In addition, for a complex urban issue, a solution to all the idea is also confusing. A city is often composed of various preferred personal and communities, and it is impossible to fully meet everyone.

If there is such a solution that can be implemented on an algorithm, it is also untrustful. Assume that there is such a balanced algorithm that automatically provides various types of resources, it will definitely be very convenient. However, the municipal management decision to handle the algorithm seems to be too trusted to write algorithms.

It is very simple. We need to understand that developing such an algorithm designed to guide citizen resource allocation is a political behavior.

It is also difficult to apply sensitive issues such as resource allocation from policy recommendations derived from computational model. Some of these results may be intervened, covered by weighted decision-making factors, or directly ignored.

In fact, most of the perfect ability to hide in the wisdom city is completely unsatisfied with the technical system we know. It did not establish it on the basis of urban operation. Yue Yue Xiaodian summary, although the Internet of Things provided many new possibilities, no matter how much convenience we were told, how much self-control, but we will also treat the entire field in doubt.

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