13 knowledge points that CCNP must master

1. The role of IPv6 address at the beginning of 2002 is to convert v4
2.anycast: first send the data to the RP, and then let the destination host to the RP to take
3. The metric of IGRP multiplied by 256 is the metric of EIGRP;
4. Update/Query/Reply is a reliable transmission (requires ACK), while Hello and ACK are not; retransmission of data is unicast with a stop-and-wait mechanism to retransmit;
5. There are two conditions for unequal path load balancing: 1. The next hop route used for load balancing must be a backup route; 2. The multiplier can be adjusted by variance; if Query is not restricted, it is possible to cross AS. ; Limit two methods of Query: First, add a convergence route; Second, use the stub command;
6. Each LSA has a serial number and a lifetime to keep it up-to-date. The serial number range is 0x80000001--0x7FFFFFFF, which is from big to small because the first digit is the sign bit;
7. Each LSA is included in the LSU, and there is no LSA packet; the LSR is equivalent to the Query in EIGRP, and the LSU is equivalent to Reply and Update.
8. ABR (connected to Area 0) maintains both the database of the 0 area and the database of area 0; the LSA type: T1 summarizes several Ethernet connections into one, and T2 summarizes several router connections into one. T3 is the propagation of the outer area route, T4 is the propagation of the ASBR address, T5 is the propagation of the external AS route, and T7 is the T5 variant of the NSSA;
9. BGP uses TCP to establish a connection, so BGP works at the fifth layer, OSPF/RIP/EIGRP/IGRP works at the fourth layer, and IS-IS at the third layer directly encapsulates the data into the frame.
10. VTP troubleshooting: Is it a trunk? --> Is the domain name the same? --> Is it transparent? --> Is the switch password in the same domain the same?
11. Cisco specifies that the maximum number of STP hops used between two switches is 7, called the STP diameter;
12. CAM table: put the source information (MAC + VLAN) into the Hash hasher, calculate * the location of the target, find a table that has been counted, and then send the data, this and the MAC address table is Two different tables, this is used on high-end switches; TCAM table: based on ACL, three-layer exchange dedicated table, mainly to achieve security; these two tables exist in the high-end switch at the same time, first look at the TCAM table, if If possible, look at the CAM table and send the data.
13. PPP is a Layer 2 protocol that solves point-to-point communication; CDP is on the second layer and can be supported by NCP; HDLC has the same basic functions as PPP, but lacks many things (such as authentication); PPP, the logical interface (PPPoE, etc.) needs to be enabled on the Ethernet interface; the Cisco default encapsulation format is HDLC, Huawei is PPP; PPP session: transmission. (dedicated); Exec session: interaction. (interactive); PPP LCP: authentication, callback (security), compression, multilink (load balancing); PPP is not authenticated when AAA is not activated; PAP does not require the passwords at both ends to be the same, and CHAP is the opposite; PPP authentication pap chap means PAP If the overdue period does not respond, it will start CHAP.

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